Decades of Misguided Policies, Short-Sighted Politicians Allowed the Enemy to Grow Within
Islamist terrorists killed at least 30 people in Brussels’s airport and metro station. (Kabul Tribune)
It turns out, in fact, that nearly all recent Islamic terrorist attacks in Western Europe — the Charlie Hebdo massacre, the failed attack against a Thalys train traveling from Amsterdam to Paris, last November’s carnage in the French capital, last week’s bombings in Brussels — have ties to Molenbeek, a Brussels municipality that has become an epicenter of Islamist radicalism.
Last year, German journalist Hansjörg Müller mentioned Molenbeek as a reflection of Belgium’s failure as a state in an article published in the PanAm Post:
When it turned out that the Islamist scoundrels who attacked Paris on November 13 had planned their strikes in the Brussels municipality of Molenbeek, critics referred to the Belgian government’s weakness. Brussels itself soon came under a state of emergency due to the terrorist threat.Müller concludes that, to understand Belgium’s failure, one has to consider that the country was “a top-down creation forced upon the people by a centralized state.”
Politico.eu then claimed that Belgium is a “failed state,” a term usually reserved for countries like Afghanistan or Somalia. French journalist Eric Zemmour even suggested that France should respond to the terror attacks by bombing Molenbeek instead of the Syrian city of Raqqa.
Belgium Is a Relatively New Invention
Belgium was created in 1830; the country did not exit prior to this date and it was named after a Roman province. Although the Belgian nation arose from a revolution against King Charles X of France (1824-1830) —Brussels “looked up to Paris then as much as it does now,” Müller explains — the country was nevertheless founded as a monarchy under a German king: Leopold I (1831-1865), or Leopold von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha.The Belgian monarchy rested upon an uneasy alliance between Catholics and liberals: the Flemish merchants of coastal Antwerp and the French-speaking industrialists who owned mines in the south.
But French remained the language of the ruling class even though Dutch was the mother tongue of a peasant majority: “politicians, professors, and captains of industry spoke French,” Müller writes. “Any non-francophone pursing a career would crash very soon against a glass ceiling.”
It was only in 1888 that Dutch became an official language in Belgium. But Dutch-speakers still had few opportunities compared to francophones.
Never-ending Nationalist Rivalries
This is the origin of the nationalist and separatist struggles between the Flemish people and the Walloons that still dominates politics in Belgium. After the 2010 general elections, Belgian parties took 589 days to form a government, a world record among democracies.In the meantime, pro-Flanders and pro-Wallonia factions remained at each others’ throats, attacking each other for “anything from Flemish collaboration during the Second World War to allegations of francophone cultural imperialism seeking to impose the Gallic language in Flanders,” as The Daily Telegraph reported.
When the German Wehrmacht invaded Belgium in 1940, Müller explains, two nationalist Flemish movements welcomed the aggressors with open arms, sealing a Faustian pact out of hatred for their French-speaking compatriots. This guaranteed continued animosity between Belgium’s two main language groups after the war, tensions being alleviated only by the transfer of steel-industry funds from Wallonia to Flanders.
Wallonian steel production declined in the 1980s. Eventually, the region became a “synonym for economic failure,” according to the Financial Times.
Meanwhile, Flanders’s economy began to grow due to a boom in the service sector. Today, Flanders generates 57 percent of Belgium’s GDP, leading many Flemish nationalists to believe that their taxes are paying the bills “of those whose forefathers bullied their own ancestors,” Müller notes.
Irresponsible Migration Policies
Belgian politicians, aware that votes are up for grabs wherever hatred looms, have built entire careers around nationalism and handing out the welfare state’s generosity among particular ethnic groups. Inevitably, this led to an over-sized and largely dysfunctional government. As Politico.eu explains:Belgium has eight parliaments (federal, three regions, three language communities and the EU), 19 municipalities with 19 different mayors in Brussels alone, and six separate police departments. Never mind that these bodies often do not communicate with each other or share information. The Belgian constitution enables a peculiar Belgian national condition of encouraging those with power to ‘look the other way’ when an intractable problem emerges.Given its institutions’ dysfunctionality, Belgium was ill-prepared to assimilate the masses of immigrants which began arriving in the 1960s, when the government invited foreign workers to compensate for a dwindling work force.
Thousands of Muslim migrants, particularly from North Africa, left for Belgium and decided to stay there. In 1993, Molenbeek’s recently elected mayor, the socialist Philippe Moureaux, said the district was “completely incapable of assimilating new immigrants.”
But, according to Politico.eu, Moureaux soon realized that he could remain in power as long as he won over the immigrant vote. So he supported the movement to grant citizenship and voting rights to newly arrived immigrants.
Ar a result, Molenbeek’s population grew 30 percent in 15 years. Today, 40 percent of it is Muslim, and the district has turned into “a retreat base for jihadists,” in the words of Belgian lawmaker Georges Dallemagne.
Carte blanche for Saudi Salafism
Beyond government incompetence at the local level, Belgium’s national government implemented disastrous policies that allowed radical Islam to thrive in the country.In 1969, the Belgian government sought cheap oil, so it let Saudi Arabia build the Islamic Cultural Center in Brussels’s Parc du Cinquantenair. The center’s goal was to spread the teachings of Salafism, a fundamentalist Sunni sect that advocates for a return to “pure” Islam as established in the Koran and the words and actions of the Prophet Muhammad.
The French newspaper Libération reports that “the Great Brussels Mosque has been a Salafist sanctuary for 30 years, offering a fertile ground for extremist networks.” According to Deutsche Welle , the Belgians “allowed their Saudi friends to train Muslim Imams to preach to the growing numbers of African and Maghrebi immigrants coming into the country,” giving “the House of Saud carte blanche to spread the message of Salafism” from Brussels.
Politico.eu adds that the Salafists placed over 600 of their disciples in Belgium’s school system. And the Belgian Salafist movement was also influential in the creation of Sharia4Belgium, a movement that called for the death penalty against homosexuals and the replacement of Belgian democracy with Sharia law.
After provoking riots in Molenbeek in 2012, Sharia4Belgium was deemed a terrorist organization and its leader was sentenced to 12 years in prison. But many of the 400 Belgian citizens who traveled to Syria and its environs to join the Islamic State (IS) — Belgium has the highest per capita participation rate in IS in all Europe — had ties to Sharia4Belgium.
Police Incompetence
Belgium’s political class found the will to curb home-grown radical Islam too late. It was only in 2005 that then Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt took the first steps. But the Belgian police force is not exactly the paragon of competence. As Bilal Benyaich of the Itinera Institute explains:…there is a communication problem because lots of our policemen here do not come from Brussels: they come from Flanders or Wallonia. They do not know the Brussels culture, this urban culture, and they do not know the Muslim communities here in Brussels.Islamic terrorists are indifferent as to whether their victims are Flemish or Walloons. Their aim is to exert total violence against the basic liberties of Western civilization regardless of petty linguistic divisions. Sadly, Belgian politicians were busy fomenting regionalism for their own benefit while the real common enemy was gaining the strength in the Brussels-Capital Region.
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